What is True Shooting Percentage (TS%) in basketball and why is it better than Field Goal %?

True Shooting Percentage (TS%) measures a player's true scoring efficiency by accounting for 2-point field goals, 3-point field goals, and free throws. Traditional Field Goal % is flawed because it treats 3-pointers identical to 2-pointers and ignores free throw trips completely.

What is John Hollinger's Game Score formula?

Game Score is a metric created by John Hollinger to give a single numerical rating for a player's individual box score in a game. An average starter produces a Game Score around 10, an All-Star game is 20+, and 40+ represents an all-time historic performance (Michael Jordan holds the regular season record with 64.6).

What is considered an elite True Shooting Percentage in the modern NBA?

The modern NBA league-average True Shooting Percentage is approximately 57.5% to 58.0%. A TS% above 62.0% is considered All-Star level efficiency, while 66.0%+ (achieved by Steph Curry in 2016 and Nikola Jokic) represents historic MVP-caliber scoring efficiency.

NBA Advanced Metrics True Shooting (TS%) • eFG% • Hollinger Game Score • Shot Value Matrix

NBA True Shooting (TS%) & Game Score Calculator

Quantify scoring efficiency and evaluate single-game greatness using modern advanced basketball metrics and shot-quality analysis.

Shooting Box Score Inputs

Scoring Volume

Total Points Scored (PTS):

Field Goals Made (FGM):

Field Goals Attempted (FGA):

3-Pointers Made (3PM):

3-Pointers Attempted (3PA):

Free Throws Made (FTM):

Free Throws Attempted (FTA):

True Scoring Efficiency

69.3% True Shooting (Elite)

HISTORIC MVP EFFICIENCY

Traditional FG%

52.6%

10 of 19 FGM

Effective FG% (eFG%)

65.8%

3PM Adjusted

True Shooting (TS%)

69.3%

All-In Efficiency

Points / Shot (PPS)

1.58

Points per FGA

The TS% vs. Traditional FG% Breakdown:

Traditional Field Goal percentage shows 52.6%, but fails to capture the immense value of making 5 three-pointers and shooting 83.3% on free throws. Accounting for total possessions used ($2 \times [FGA + 0.44 \times FTA]$), this player generates a staggering 69.3% True Shooting Percentage, generating +11.8% more points per possession than the NBA league average (57.5%).

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Basketball Analytics Revolution

The Death of the Mid-Range: How True Shooting % Reshaped the NBA

An analytical breakdown of 3-point expected value, free throw possession weight (0.44 multiplier), and Hollinger Game Score.

Why 0.44 is Used for Free Throws in TS%

Not every free throw consumes a full possession. Technical free throws and "and-one" 3-point plays take zero additional possessions, while 3-shot fouls take three. Statistical analysis across millions of NBA possessions confirmed that one free throw attempt consumes on average 0.44 possessions.

Frequently Asked Questions (NBA Scoring & Game Score)

What was Kobe Bryant's Game Score in his 81-point game?

In his famous 81-point game on January 22, 2006 against Toronto, Kobe Bryant produced a 63.5 Game Score (2nd highest in modern NBA history behind Michael Jordan's 64.6).

How does eFG% differ from TS%?

Effective Field Goal % (eFG%) only looks at field goals and weights 3-pointers as 1.5x of a 2-pointer. True Shooting % (TS%) incorporates both 3-pointers and free throws, giving the complete picture of scoring efficiency.